PEMETAAN DAN ANALISIS TABURAN SISA PEPEJAL DOMESTIK MENGGUNAKAN GIS: KAJIAN KES TELUK LIKAS, SABAH
MAPPING AND ANALYSIS OF DOMESTIC SOLID WASTE DISTRIBUTION USING GIS: A CASE STUDY OF TELUK LIKAS, SABAH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55197/qjssh.v7i4.1536Keywords:
sisa pepejal domestik, GIS, taburan, Teluk Likas, plastikAbstract
Peningkatan penghasilan sisa pepejal di kawasan bandar semakin membimbangkan dan berpunca daripada pelbagai aktiviti manusia yang telah memberikan kesan negatif terhadap ekosistem persekitaran, khususnya kawasan perairan. Justeru itu, kajian ini dijalankan untuk memetakan dan menganalisis taburan sisa pepejal domestik serta mengenal pasti kawasan tumpuan sisa pepejal di Teluk Likas, Sabah. Kerja lapangan telah dilaksanakan bagi mengenal pasti lokasi hotspot pembuangan sisa pepejal, dan sebanyak 13 lokasi telah dikenal pasti sebagai kawasan utama yang menyumbang kepada kebocoran sisa pepejal ke perairan Teluk Likas. Sistem Maklumat Geografi (GIS) telah digunakan untuk memetakan dan menganalisis taburan spatial sisa pepejal, manakala interpolasi Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) digunakan bagi mengenal pasti zon pengumpulan sisa di sepanjang kawasan pesisir. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa sebanyak 2,359 unit sisa pepejal telah direkodkan. Berdasarkan saiz sisa, sebanyak 99% merupakan sisa bersaiz kecil, diikuti 0.76% beg plastik penuh dan 0.04% muatan troli. Dari segi sumber, aktiviti domestik mencatat jumlah sisa tertinggi, iaitu 69.73%, diikuti komuniti pulau sebanyak 25.35% dan sisa isi rumah sebanyak 4.92%. Analisis komposisi sisa turut menunjukkan dominasi bahan berasaskan plastik, khususnya botol 35.2%, plastik 31.9% dan polistiren 31.7%, yang secara keseluruhannya merangkumi 98.8% daripada jumlah sisa yang dipetakan. Dominasi sisa plastik serta jumlah sisa yang tinggi daripada aktiviti domestik menunjukkan bahawa sumber dari kawasan penempatan merupakan antara penyumbang utama kepada kebocoran sisa pepejal ke perairan. Dapatan kajian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi rujukan kepada pihak berkuasa tempatan dalam mengenal pasti kawasan kritikal serta merangka strategi pengurusan sisa pepejal yang lebih berkesan, bersepadu dan lestari bagi mengurangkan kebocoran sisa pepejal ke perairan Teluk Likas.
The increasing generation of solid waste in urban areas is becoming increasingly concerning and is driven by various human activities, consequently exerting negative impacts on environmental ecosystems, particularly aquatic environments. Therefore, this study was conducted to map and analyse the distribution of domestic solid waste and identify solid waste dumping hotspots in Teluk Likas, Sabah. Fieldwork was conducted to identify solid waste dumping hotspots, with 13 locations identified as major areas contributing to solid waste leakage into the waters of Teluk Likas. Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques were employed to map and analyse the spatial distribution of solid waste, while Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation was used to identify waste accumulation density zones along the coastal area. The findings indicate that a total of 2,359 units of solid waste were recorded. Based on waste size, 99% consisted of small-sized waste, followed by full plastic bags (0.76%) and trolley loads (0.04%). In terms of sources, domestic activities accounted for the highest proportion of waste at 69.73%, followed by island communities at 25.35% and household waste at 4.92%. Analysis of waste composition also revealed a strong dominance of plastic-based materials, particularly bottles (35.2%), plastic materials (31.9%), and polystyrene (31.7%), which collectively accounted for 98.8% of the total mapped waste. The dominance of plastic waste and the high volume of waste originating from domestic activities indicate that land-based sources, particularly residential areas, are among the major contributors to solid waste leakage into aquatic environments. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a reference for local authorities in identifying critical areas and developing more effective, integrated, and sustainable solid waste management strategies to reduce solid waste leakage into the waters of Teluk Likas.
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Copyright (c) 2026 LINDAH ROZIANI JAMRU, OLIVER VALENTINE EBOY, FIONA V LOIJON, SERWIN LEE, MOHAMMAD TAHIR MAPA, ADI JAFAR, DAYANG MASLEHA MOHD RAHMAN, ALFYANANDA KURNIA PUTRA
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